Q2 earnings: Upside surprises & Mag 7 dispersion

KEY TAKEAWAYS

  • Second-quarter earnings outperformed expectations with 82% of S&P 500 companies beating EPS estimates and nearly 60% of companies providing full-year guidance have raised it.
  • The Magnificent 71 drove outsized earnings growth and remained committed to AI investment but the cohort’s broad performance potentially masks a wide gap between its best and worst performing members.
  • Dispersion among the Magnificent 7 is a prime example of why we believe investors are best served by an active and nimble approach to U.S. equity allocations.
TOPT

iSHARES TOP 20 U.S. STOCKS ETF

Targeted exposure to the 20 largest U.S. companies by market capitalization within the S&P 500 Index.

DYNF

iSHARES U.S. EQUITY FACTOR ROTATION ACTIVE ETF

Actively managed exposure to rewarded equity style factors across large and mid-cap U.S. stocks.

BAI

iSHARES A.I. INNOVATION AND TECH ACTIVE ETF

Concentrated exposure to global AI and technology leaders across all market caps.

Q2 EARNINGS BEAT LOW EXPECTATIONS

Second-quarter earnings season delivered a wave of positive surprises. With more than 75% of the S&P 500 having reported, earnings per share (EPS) growth doubled initial forecasts, driven by strong performance in tech and AI-related sectors. Robust earnings beats tended to be accompanied by a surge in forward guidance, signaling corporate America’s optimism in future growth.

Looking beneath the surface, we see signs of a shift in market leadership and hear persistent questions about valuations. Against this backdrop, we believe a selective, quality-focused approach remains key to navigating the evolving landscape.

Here are some highlights from the Q2 2025 earnings season so far:

Figure 1: U.S. earnings have consistently surprised to the upside

EPS forecasts vs. realized growth

Bar chart of expected earnings (estimate) vs. realized earnings, quarterly from Q1 2024 to Q2 2025.

Source: Bloomberg, as of August 5, 2025. U.S. earnings representative of weighted average earnings of constituents in the S&P 500. Index performance is for illustrative purposes only. Index performance does not reflect any management fees, transaction costs or expenses. Indexes are unmanaged and one cannot invest directly in an index. Past performance does not guarantee future results.

Chart description: Bar chart of expected earnings (estimate) vs. realized earnings, quarterly from Q1 2024 to Q2 2025.


Year-over-year EPS growth has doubled the 4% consensus expected at the start of reporting. 82% of companies in the S&P 500 have beaten EPS estimates, relative to a post-pandemic average of 78%. That strength has been reflected in guidance momentum: nearly 60% of companies providing full-year guidance have raised it — almost double the rate in Q1.

Earnings beats have been tolerated while misses have been punished. Top and bottom-line misses have been punished by an average sell-off of 10%, more than twice the historical decline.2 The skew is asymmetric: companies that beat expectations rose by just 1.5%, in line with historical averages. The lopsided reactions likely reflect the lower bar coming into the quarter.

Breadth has been strong. 75% of companies beat on EPS. Even so, tech and tech-adjacent names continue to drive the lion’s share of growth. The Magnificent 7 cohort grew earnings 26% year-over-year versus just 4% for the rest of index.

Companies remain committed to AI capital expenditure (capex). Big tech guidance pointed to continued — and in many places increased — AI investment in the coming quarters. Capital expenditures for the largest four hyperscalers3 are forecasted to grow by over 43% in 2025, versus just 4% for the rest of the index.

A NEW PHASE IN THE AI TRADE?

Despite the overall earnings growth and roughly 8% year-to-date return of the Mag 7 overall, there’s wide dispersion of performance within the cohort. There’s a 50% performance difference between the top performer (Nvidia) and the bottom performer (Tesla), and three Mag 7 members are down year-to-date. We believe that fracture within the cohort points to a new phase in the AI trade – with market leadership potentially splintering and investors questioning legacy business models. (Note: At the time of publication, Nvidia, had yet to report second-quarter earnings.)

We continue to field questions from investors concerned about stretched valuations as the market sits near all-time high levels. At the index level, 2025 return drivers have been split between earnings growth and multiple expansion (figure 2). But in tech and communication services earnings growth, not multiple expansion, has done the heavy lifting. It’s a stark juxtaposition to other sectors (energy, materials, staples), where gains have tended to be entirely fueled by valuations. We continue to favor the sectors displaying the strongest earnings growth but increasingly note that bigger is not always better. We favor an active and nimble approach to U.S. equity allocations, as AI investment may create distinct winners and losers.

Figure 2: Tech returns fueled mostly by earnings growth, other sectors more mixed

Bar chart of various sector groupings and their breakdown of earnings, dividends, valuations, and total return.

Source: LSEG Workspace, MSCI, as of August 5, 2025. All sector groupings as determined by the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) Level I Indexes for S&P 500 Index. Index performance is for illustrative purposes only. Index performance does not reflect any management fees, transaction costs or expenses. Indexes are unmanaged and one cannot invest directly in an index. Past performance does not guarantee future results.

Chart description: Bar chart of various sector groupings and their breakdown of earnings, dividends, valuations, and total return.


CONCLUSION

We maintain our constructive outlook on U.S. equities, and continue to believe in the growth potential of AI and tech themes. As interest rates remain elevated and economic growth slows, we prefer large cap, high quality names. To seek to capture these trends, investors may consider the iShares MSCI USA Quality Factor ETF (QUAL) and consider the iShares U.S. Equity Factor Rotation Active ETF (DYNF) as an active option to rotate nimbly on incoming macro and micro data. (Learn more about factor rotation strategies)

We also remain focused on AI opportunities. Hyperscaler capex continues to inflect higher. We push back against valuation concerns, noting that the premium has tended to stem from the largest weights in the index delivering far-above average growth rates. The iShares A.I. Innovation and Tech Active ETF (BAI) is an active fund seeking to capture the AI theme.

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